A Beginner’s Guide to VR: What Is It and How Does It Work?

Woman working in a shared working space with a VR headset on. You can see her laptop on the desk and she is using the VR controllers to work.

Virtual Reality (VR) is a rapidly growing technology that lets you experience things in a completely new way. Imagine exploring the pyramids of Egypt, battling aliens on a distant planet, or even attending a business meeting, all from the comfort of your home.


How does VR work?

When you put on a VR headset, it blocks out the real world and replaces it with a simulated one. These 3D environments can be incredibly detailed, with sights and sounds that make you feel like you’re truly there.

VR headsets completely cover your eyes, blocking out distractions and transporting you to another world.

The headsets have 3D near-eye discs, almost like wearing glasses. These high-tech screens create the illusion of depth, making the virtual world feel real and three-dimensional.

VR can track the movements of your head and sometimes your hands. This allows you to interact with the virtual world naturally, just by turning your head or reaching out your hand.

Man wearing a VR headset whilst drawing on a whiteboard with a whiteboard marker

Is VR just for gaming?

While VR gaming is a popular way to experience fantastical worlds in games, the applications of VR extend far beyond entertainment. VR is ever-evolving, with some great applications, including for education, business and healthcare.

VR revolutionises the way we learn. Imagine taking a school trip to the Great Barrier Reef or performing a surgery in a safe, virtual environment.

Organisations are using VR for training simulations, product design, and even for holding virtual meetings with colleagues across the globe. It’s a powerful tool for collaboration and innovation.

What’s the difference between VR, AR, and MR?

VR stands for Virtual Reality, whilst AR means Augmented Reality and MR is Mixed Reality.

These all come under the umbrella term, Extended Reality (often referred to as XR).

Unlike VR, AR doesn’t replace your real world. Instead, it overlays digital information onto your real-life surroundings. Imagine looking up at the night sky and seeing constellations and information about stars displayed through your phone screen. AR essentially adds a layer of digital information to the physical world. An example of an AR you might have heard of is Pokémon Go.

MR blends elements of VR and AR. It creates a hybrid environment where virtual and real objects coexist and interact in real time. Imagine you’re fixing your bike. Through MR, you could view a see-through image of the world in front of you. Superimposed on that image, you see a glowing blue outline of the exact wrench you need and where it is on your workbench. It combines the real world (your bike) with a virtual object (the wrench) that you can see and interact with.

Learn more about VR

At ProMo Cymru, we’re passionate about exploring the potential of new and emerging technology, especially within the Welsh third sector.

We understand that VR is a growing field, but for those unfamiliar with the concept, it can feel daunting. That’s why we’re committed to creating a wealth of content designed to demystify VR, showcasing VR in action and helping you to decide if VR is right for your organisation.

Here are some blogs we’ve created to help you get to grips with the power of VR and how it could be used in the third sector:

If you’re interested in VR and would like to talk to one of our staff about how it could work for your organisation, book a meeting with us through our free DigiCymru service. We can help you to establish how VR (or another digital solution) could help to tackle a challenge your facing.

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Find out more about ProMo Cymru’s Digital Support Service here.

Search our huge bank of digital resources here. Blogs, guides, and toolkits on digital change, digital services, working digitally, funding digital and more.

Halyna Soltys
26 March 2025

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